Verses Of Gita Chapter 13🔗

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arjuna uvāca: Arjuna said; prakṛtiṁ: nature; puruṣaṁ: the enjoyer; ca: also; eva: certainly; kṣetraṁ: body; kṣetrajñaṁ: knower of the body; eva: certainly; ca: also; etad: all this; veditum: to understand; icchāmi: I wish; jñānaṁ: knowledge; jñeyaṁ: the object of knowledge; ca: also; keśava: O Krishna.

13.1 Arjuna said: O Krishna, I wish to know and understand about prakṛti and puruṣa, passive and active energies. The field and the knower of the field, and of knowledge and of the end of knowledge.

śrī bhagavān uvāca: the personality of godhead said; idam: this; śarīraṁ: body; kaunteya: O son of Kunti; kṣetram: the field; iti: thus; abhidhīyate: is called; etat: this; yaḥ: anyone; vetti: knows; taṁ: he; prāhuḥ: is called; kṣetrajña: knower of the body; iti: thus; tadvidaḥ: one who knows

13.2 Lord Krishna replies to Arjuna saying: This body, O son of Kunti, is called the field, anyone who knows this body is called the knower of the field.

kṣetrajñaṁ: the knower; ca: also; api: certainly; māṁ: Me; viddhi: know; sarva: all; kṣetreṣu: in bodily fields; bhārata: O son of Bharata; kṣetra: field of activities (the body); kṣetrajñayoḥ: the knower of the field; jñānaṁ: knowledge; yat: that which is taught; tat: that; jñānaṁ: knowledge; mataṁ: opinion; mama: that

13.3 O Bharata, know that I am the Knower in all bodies, the witness. In my opinion knowledge means the understanding of this body or the field of activity as well as the Knower of this field.

tat: that; kṣetraṁ: field of activities; yat: as; ca: and; yādṛk: as it is; ca: and; yat: what is; vikāri: changes; yataḥ: from which; ca: and; yat: which; sa: he; ca: also; yaḥ: one; yat: which; prabhāvaś ca: influence also; tat: that; samāsena: in summary; me: from Me; sṛṇu: understand

13.4 Understand my summary of this field of activity and how it is constituted, what its changes are, how it is produced, who that knower of the field of activities is, and what his influences are.

ṛṣibhir: by the wise sages; bahudhā: in many ways; gītaṁ: described; chandobhiḥ: Vedic hymns; vividhaiḥ: in various; pṛthak: variously; brahmasūtra: the Vedanta; padaiḥ: aphorisms; ca: also; eva: certainly; hetumadbhir: with cause and effect; viniścitaiḥ: ascertain

13.5 That knowledge of the field of activities and of the knower of activities is described by various sages with chants in the scriptures It is presented with all reasoning as to cause and effect.

mahābhūtāni: great elements; ahaṅkāraḥ: ego; buddhiḥ: intelligence; avyaktam: the unmanifested; eva: certainly; ca: also; indriyāṇi: senses; daśai ’kaṁ: eleven; ca: also; pañca: five; ca: also; indriyagocarāḥ: objects of the senses; icchā: desire; dveṣaḥ: hatred; sukhaṁ: happiness; duḥkhaṁ: distress; saṅghātaḥ: the aggregate; cetanā: living symptoms; dhṛtiḥ: conviction; etat: all this; kṣetraṁ: the field of activities; samāsena: in summary; savikāram: interaction; udāhṛtam: exemplified

13.6,7 The field of activities and its interactions are said to be: the five elements of nature, ego, intelligence, the mind, the formless, the ten senses of perception and action, as well as the five objects of senses and desire, hatred, happiness, distress, the aggregate, the life symptoms, and convictions.

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amānitvam: humility; adambhitvam: pridelessness; ahiṁsā: nonviolence; kṣāntiḥ: tolerance; ārjavam: simplicity; ācāryopāsanaṁ: approaching a bona fide spiritual master; śaucaṁ: cleanliness; sthairyam: steadfastness; ātmavinigrahaḥ: control

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indriyārtheṣu: in the matter of the senses; vairāgyam: renunciation; anahaṅkāra: being without egoism; eva: certainly; ca: also; janma: birth; mṛtyu: death; jarā: old age; vyādhi: disease; duḥkha: distress; doṣa: fault; anudarśanam: observing

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asaktiḥ: without attachment; anabhiṣvaṅgaḥ: without association; putra: sons; dāra: wife; gṛhādiṣu: home, etc.; nityaṁ: eternal; ca: also; samacittatvam: equilibrium; iṣṭā: desirable; aniṣṭa: undesirable; upapattiṣu: having obtained

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mayi: unto Me; ca: also; ananyayogena: by devotional service; bhaktiḥ: devotion; avyabhicāriṇī: constant, unalloyed; vivikta: solitary; deśa: place; sevitvam: aspiring; aratiḥ: without attachment; jana: to people in general; saṁsadi: mass

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adhyātma: pertaining to the self; jñāna: knowledge; nityatvaṁ: eternity; tattva jñānā: knowledge of the truth; artha: the object; darśanam: philosophy; etat: all this; jñānam: knowledge; iti: thus; proktam: declared; ajñānaṁ: ignorance; yat: that which; ataḥ: from this; anyathā: others

13.8,9,10,11,12 Humility, absence of pride, nonviolence, tolerance, simplicity, service to an enlightened spiritual master, cleanliness, steadiness and self-control; renunciation of the objects of sense gratification; absence of ego, the perception of the pain of the cycle of birth and death, old age and disease; nonattachment to children, wife, home and the rest and even-mindedness amid pleasant and unpleasant events; constant and unalloyed devotion to Me, resorting to solitary places, detachment from the general mass of people; accepting the importance of self realization, and philosophical search for the absolute truth: All these I thus declare to be knowledge and anything contrary to these is ignorance.

jñeyaṁ: knowable; yat: that; tat: which; pravakṣyāmi: I shall now explain; yat: which; jñātvā: knowing; amṛtam: nectar; aśnute: taste; anādi: beginningless; mat paraṁ: subordinate to Me; brahma: spirit; na: neither; sat: cause; tat: that; nā: nor; asat: effect; ucyate: is called

13.13 I shall fully give you the understanding about the knowable with which one can taste eternal bliss or the being or the consciousness that has no beginning. A life beyond the law of cause, effect and the material world.

sarvataḥ: everywhere; pāṇi: hands; pādaṁ: legs; tat: that; sarvataḥ: everywhere; akṣi: eyes; śiro: head; mukham: face; sarvataḥ: everywhere; śrutimat: hearing; loke: in the world; sarvam: everything; āvṛtya: covering; tiṣṭhati: exists

13.14 With hands and feet everywhere, with eyes, heads and mouths everywhere, with ears everywhere, He exists in the worlds, enveloping all. The Paramātman (supreme spirit) is all pervading.

gdnyD` JUm^ng gdnyD`{dd{OV_& Agºgd^ fd {ZJU JU^mSV M&& 14

sarva: all; indriya: senses; guṇa: qualities; ābhāsaṁ: original source; sarva: all; indriya: senses; vivarjitam: being without; asaktaṁ: without attachment; sarvabhṛt: maintainer of everyone; ca: also; eva: certainly; nirguṇaṁ: without material qualities; guṇabhoktṛ: simultaneously master of the gunas; ca: also

13.15 The Paramātman is the original source of all the senses. Yet, He is beyond all the senses. He is unattached. Although the consciousness is the maintainer of all the living beings, yet He transcends the modes of the nature and at the same time He is the master of the modes of our material nature.

~{haÝVü ^VmZm_ Ma Ma_d M& gú_ËdmÎnX{dk` XañW MnpÝVH$ M VV&& 16

bahiḥ: outside; antaḥ: inside; ca: also; bhūtānām: of all living entities; acaraṁ: not moving; caram: moving; eva: also; ca: and; sūkṣmatvāt: on account of being subtle; tat: that; avijñeyaṁ: unknowable; dūrasthaṁ: far away; ca: also; antike: near; ca: and; tat: that

13.16 The supreme truth exists both within and without, it is present in everything mobile or immobile. It is not knowable through the senses as it is very subtle. Though far, yet it is the nearest.

A{d^ºM ^Vf {d^º_{_d M pñWV_& ^V^V M VÁk` J{gîU à^{dîU M&& 16

avibhaktam: without division; ca: also; bhūteṣu: in every living being; vibhaktam: divided; iva: as if; ca: also; sthitam: situated; bhūta bhartṛ: maintainer of all living entities; ca: also; tat: that; jñeyam: to be understood; grasiṣṇu: devours; prabhaviṣṇu: develops; ca: also

13.17 Though appearing fragmented it is indivisible whole. Though He is the maintainer of every living entity, it is to be understood that He consumes and creates all.

Á`m{Vfm_{n VÁÁ`m{VñV_g: na_À`V& kmZ k` kmZJå` ö{X gdñ` {d{ðV_&& 17

jyotiṣām: in all luminous objects; api: also; tat: that; jyotiḥ: source of light; tamasaḥ: of the darkness; param: beyond; ucyate: is said; jñānam: knowledge; jñeyam: to be known; jñānagamyam: to be approached by knowledge; hṛdi: in the heart; sarvasya: of everyone; viṣṭhitam: situated

13.18 He is the source of light in all luminous objects. He is beyond the darkness of matter and is formless. He is knowledge, He is the object of knowledge, and He is the goal of knowledge. He is situated in everyone's heart.

B{V jÌ VWm kmZ k` Mmº$ g_mgV:‘& _غ$ EV{Ûkm` _Ømdm`mnnUV‘&& 18

iti: thus; kṣetram: the field of activities (the body); tathā: also; jñānam: knowledge; jñeyam: the knowable; ca: also; uktam: described; samāsataḥ: in summary; madbhakaḥ: My devotee; etad: all this; vijñāya: after understanding; madbhāvāya: My nature; upapadyate: attains

13.19 Thus the field of activities, knowledge and the knowable has been summarily described by Me. It is only when we can understand the true nature of our supreme Self and the material world with which we have created false identities that we can go beyond this and attain the supreme Self itself.

prakṛtiṁ: material nature; puruṣaṁ: living entity; ca: also; eva: certainly; viddhi: must know; anādī: without beginning; ubhāu: both; api: also; vikārāṁ: transformations; ca: also; guṇāṁ: three modes of nature; ca: also; eva: certainly; viddhi: know; prakṛti: material nature; saṁbhavān: produced of

13.20 Prakṛti or the field and its attributes and the puruṣa or the knower or the supreme consciousness are both without beginning. All the transformations of nature that we see are produced by the field or prakṛti.

kārya: effect; kāraṇa: cause; kartṛtve: in the matter of creation; hetuḥ: instrument; prakṛtiḥ: material nature; ucyate: is said to be; puruṣaḥ: the living entity; sukha: of happiness; duḥkhānāṁ: and distress; bhoktṛtve: in enjoyment; hetuḥ: the instrument; ucyate: is said to be

13.21 In the production of the body and the senses, prakṛti is said to be the cause; In the experience of pleasure and pain, puruṣa is said to be the cause.

néf: àH{VñWm {h ^Lº§ àH{VOñÝJUmZï& H$maU JUG“m@ñ` gXgÚm{ZOÝ_gï&& 21

puruṣaha: the living entity; prakṛtisthaḥ: being situated in the material energy; hi: certainly; bhuṅkte: enjoys; prakṛtijān: produced by the material nature; guṇān: modes of nature; kāraṇaṁ: cause; guṇasaṅgaḥ: association with the modes of nature; asya: of the living entity; sad asad: good and bad; yoni: species of life; janmasu: birth

13.22 The living entity in the material nature follows the way of life, enjoying the moods of nature. Due to association with the material nature it meets the good or evil among various species.

CnÐïmZ_ÝVm M ^Vm ^mº$m _hœa:ï& na_mË_{V Mmß`º$m Xh@pñ_Ýnéf: na:ï&& 23

upadraṣṭā: overseer; anumantā: permitter; ca: also; bhartā: master; bhoktā: supreme enjoyer; maheśvaraḥ: the supreme Lord; paramātmā: supersoul; iti: also; ca: and; apyuktaḥ: is said; dehe: in this body; asmin: this; puruṣaḥ: enjoyer; paraḥ: transcendental

13.23 Yet, in this body there is a transcendental energy. He who is divine, who exists as a owner or the witness, supporter, enjoyer and the pure witnessing consciousness, is known as the Paramātman.

` Ed d{Îm néf àH$qV M JU: ghï& gdWm dV_mZm@ {n Z g ^`m@{^Om`Vï&& 24

yaḥ: anyone; evam: thus; vetti: understands; puruṣaṁ: the living entity; prakṛtiṁ: material nature; ca: and; guṇaiḥ: modes of material nature; saha: with; sarvathā: by all means; vartamānaḥ: situated; api: in spite of; na: never; sa: he; bhūyaḥ: again; abhijāyate: takes his birth

13.24 One who understands this philosophy concerning material nature, the living entity and the interaction of the modes of nature is sure to attain liberation. He will not take birth here again, regardless of his present position.

dhyānena: by meditation; ātmani: self; paśyanti: see; kecit: one; ātmānam: Supersoul; ātmanā: by the mind; anye: others; sāṅkhyena: by philosophical discussion; yogena: by the yoga system; karmayogena: by activities without fruitive desire; ca: also; apare: others

13.25 Some perceive the Paramātman in their inner psyche through mind and intellect that have been purified by meditation or by metaphysical knowledge or by karma yoga.

anye: others; tu: but; evam: thus; ajānantaḥ: without spiritual knowledge; śrutvā: by hearing; anyebhyaḥ: from others; upāsate: begin to worship; te: they; api: also; ca: and; atitaranti: transcend; eva: certainly; mṛtyuṁ: the path of death; śrutiparāyaṇāḥ: inclined to the process of hearing

13.26 There are those who, although not conversant in spiritual knowledge, begin to worship the supreme personality upon hearing about Him from others. Through the process of hearing about the supreme Self, they also transcend the path of birth and death.

yāvat: whatever; saṁjāyate: takes place; kiṁcit: anything; sattvaṁ: existence; sthāvara: not moving; jaṅgamam: moving; kṣetra: the body; kṣetrajña: knower of the body; saṁyogāt: union between; tad viddhi: you must know it; bharatarṣabha: O chief of the Bharatas

13.27 Bharata, know that whatever that is movable or immovable is born, It comes into existence by combination of kṣetra and kṣetrajñya

samaṁ: equally; sarveṣu: in all; bhūteṣu: living entities; tiṣṭhantaṁ: residing; parameśvaram: the supersoul; vinaśyatṣu: in the destructible; avinaśyantaṁ: not destroyed; yaḥ: anyone; paśyati: sees; saḥ: he; paśyati: actually sees

13.28 One who sees the supreme Spirit accompanying the individual soul in all bodies, who understands that neither the individual soul nor the supreme Spirit is ever destroyed, actually sees.

samaṁ: equally; paśyan: seeing; hi: certainly; sarvatra: everywhere; samavasthitam: equally situated; īśvaram: Supersoul; na: does not; hinasti: degrade; ātmanā: by the mind; atmanam: the soul; tato yāti: then reaches; parāṁ: the transcendental; gatim: destination

13.29 When one does not get degraded or influenced by the mind and when he can see the supreme Spirit in all living and non-living things, One reaches the transcendental destination.

prakṛtyā: by material nature; eva: certainly; ca: also; karmāṇi: activities; kriyamāṇāni: engaged in performing; sarvaśaḥ: in all respects; yaḥ: anyone who; paśyati: sees; tathā: so also; atmānam: himself; akartāraṁ: non-doer; sa: he; paśyati: sees perfectly

13.30 One who can see that all activities are performed by the body, which is created of material nature, sees that the Self does nothing, actually sees.

yadā: when; bhūta: living entities; pṛthagbhāvam: separated identities; ekastham: situated in one; anupaśyati: tries to see through authority; tata eva: thereafter; ca: also; vistāram: expanded; brahma: the Absolute; saṁpadyate: attains; tadā: at that time

13.31 When a person can see the supreme Self in all living entities then he will cease to see the separateness among the living entities. He will see that the whole universe is an expansion and expression of the same truth.

anāditvāt: due to eternity; nirguṇatvāt: due to transcendental; parama: beyond material nature; ātmā: spirit; ayam: this; avyayaḥ: inexhaustible; śarīrastho 'pi: though dwelling in the body; kaunteya: O son of Kunti; na karoti: never does anything; na lipyate : nor is he entangled

13.32 Those with the vision of eternity can see that the soul is transcendental, eternal, and beyond the modes of nature. Despite contact with the material body, O Arjuna, the soul neither does anything nor is attached.

yathā: as; sarvagataṁ: all-pervading; saukṣmyād: due to being subtle; ākāśaṁ: the sky; na: never; upalipyate: mixes; sarvatra: everywhere; avasthitaḥ: situated; dehe: in the body; tathā: such; ātmā: the self; na: never; upalipyate: mixes.

13.33 The sky, due to its subtle nature, does not mix with anything, although it is all pervading. Similarly, the soul, situated in Brahman, does not mix with the body, though situated in that body.

`WmàHne`È`H: HËg bmH{__ a{d:ï& jÌ jÌr VWm HVò àHne`{V ^maVï&& 34ï

yathā: as; prakāśayati: illumines; ekaḥ: one; kṛtsnaṁ: the whole; lokam: universe; imaṁ: this; raviḥ: the sun; kṣetraṁ: this body; kṣetrī: the soul; tathā: similarly; kṛtsnaṁ: all; prakāśayati: illumines; bhārata: O son of Bharata

13.34 O son of Bharata, as the Sun alone illumines the universe, so does the living entity, one within the body, illumines the consciousness.

jÌ jÌk`_mad_ÝVa kmZMj fmï& ^VàH$⁠{V_mj M `{dX`mpÝV V na_ï&& 35

kṣetra: body; kṣetrajñayoḥ: of the proprietor of the body; evam: that; antaraṁ: difference; jñāna cakṣuṣā: by vision of knowledge; bhūta: living entity; prakṛti: material nature; mokṣaṁ: liberation; ca: also; ye: one who; viduḥ: knows; yānti: approaches; te: they; param: supreme

13.35 Those, who see with the eyes of knowledge the difference between the body-mind and the knower of the body-mind, can understand the process. Are liberated from the bondages of the material nature and attain the Paramātman.

B{V Ir_ØJdòrVmgn{ZfËg ~÷{dÚm`m `mJemñÌo IrH$îUmOZgdmX jÌjÌk{d^mJ`mJm Zm_ Ì`moXem@Ü`m`:

In the Upaniṣad of the Bhagavad gita, the knowledge of Brahman, the Supreme, the science of Yoga and the dialogue between Sri Krishna and Arjuna, this is the thirteenth discourse designated: