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Bhagavad Gita Chapter 17 - Collection

How To Give?

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Authored by

THE SPH NITHYANANDA PARAMASHIVAM

Krishna
Portrait of Paramahamsa Nithyananda

दातव्यमिति यद्दानं दीयतेऽनुपकारिणे ।
देशे काले च पात्रे च तद्दानं सात्त्विकं स्मृतम्
॥ १७-२० ॥

dātavyamiti yaddānaṁ
dīyate'nupakāriṇe deśe kāle ca pātre ca
tad dānaṁ sāttvikaṁ smṛtam

Charity that is given at the right place
and time as a matter of duty to a
deserving candidate who does nothing
in return, is considered to be in the
mode of goodness

POWERFUL COGNITION

The straightforward, integrated and authentic approach to the truth is what Kṛṣṇa calls sātvika dāna.

यत्तु प्रत्युपकारार्थं फलमुद्दिश्य वा पुनः ।
दीयते च परिक्लिष्टं तद्दानं राजसं स्मृतम् ॥ १७-२१ ॥

yattu pratyupakārārthaṁ
phalamuddiśya vā punaḥ dīyate ca
parikliṣṭaṁ tad dānaṁ rājasaṁ smṛtam

Charity that is given unwillingly or to
get something in return or to gain
some result is in the mode of
aggression.

Illustration with feather and portrait

POWERFUL COGNITION

Charity is done out of love and gratitude.

अदेशकाले यद्दानमपात्रेभ्यश्च दीयते ।
असत्कृतमवज्ञातं तत्तामसमुदाहृतम् ॥ १७-२२ ॥

Illustration

adeśa-kāle yad dānam apātrebhyaś
ca dīyate asat-kṛtaṁ avajñātaṁ tat
tāmasamudāhṛtam

Charity that is given at a wrong place
and time to unworthy persons or
without paying respect to the receiver
or with ridicule is in the mode of
ignorance.

POWERFUL COGNITION

Enriching others enriches you back!

Illustration

iNTRODUCTiON

Illustration of plate with food
Illustration of people carrying food

Dāna, charity is sharing out of the space of enriching. It is not done with the attitude of giving. It is done with the attitude of sharing and not expecting good results because of it or some easy route into heaven because of it. Charity is done out of love and gratitude. There are three kinds of dāna.

Understand, annadāna means giving to enrich with food, clothes and whatever is related to someone's physical needs

Illustration of stacked books

Next is vidyādāna. This means giving to enrich with education and also whatever someone needs for mental growth. For example, when somebody is depressed, if you enrich him with some consoling ideas, this is vidyādāna. If somebody does not know how to clean a room and you teach him, this is vidyādāna. If somebody does not know how to cut grass and you teach him, this is vidyādāna.

Illustration of an open book

And the third kind is jñānadāna, giving to enrich with spiritual knowledge.

BENEFITS ONE REAPS FROM DOING DāNA

If we give annadāna, we satisfy a person for three hours. After three hours, again he needs food. If we give vidyādāna, education or knowledge, he will have food for himself for one life. If we give education, he can earn food for himself. He will make money and buy food for himself. If we give jñānadāna, we will satisfy that person birth after birth! He will never fall into depression or the ocean of material world, birth after birth.

Portrait of young Paramashivam

THE ULTIMATE ENRICHING CHARITY, JñāNADāNA

Jñānadāna is the ultimate sharing of enriching with knowledge. The knowledge that you have received now will transform your whole life even if you don't practice it. These words are so powerful that automatically they will start working on you. You will not remain the same person. Your depth of depression will be reduced. Your depth of suffering will be reduced. You will feel that you are entering a new life. You will become courageous and a new confidence will enter your life. This is jñānadāna. This is the ultimate puṇya (virtuous deed) of giving knowledge. No other good deed is equivalent to giving spiritual knowledge.

ENRICHING OTHERS ENRICHES YOU BACK

One more point is that the person who gives loses nothing with jñānadāna. With all other dāna, the person who gives has a little less. In annadāna, he who gives will lose and he who receives will gain. In vidyādāna, the giver does not lose. He retains the same level. In jñānadāna, The more you share, the more it grows in you! The more you enrich others with the science of completion, the more you grow in completion. It is a win-win situation. Here, you receive automatically. It grows in the person who shares and enriches.

Don’t think you are the only one being enriched by listening to me now. By expressing these truths, even I am being enriched. Enriching others enriches you back! Listen! Enriching others enriches you back!

Illustration of Krishna playing flute

If the woman is unable to give birth to a child, she cannot be a mother. Similarly, until you become enlightened, I cannot be called a Master. Be very clear, by sharing this knowledge, I also grow. The person who shares with simplicity and humility, who is very clear, very integrated and authentic about the whole truth of sharing and is not caught in the false ego, his dāna, his sharing of thoughts is sātvika and is related to satva guṇa—attribute of goodness.

WHAT IS SATVIKA DĀNA?

When you ask questions, if I don't know the answer, I say I don't know the answer. People ask, 'What is this? Swamiji, you are enlightened and you say you don't know.'

Confusing the audience is not a complicated job. It is easy because they are already confused! There is nothing more to be done. Just use some words, that's all. And it's not a big thing. Only an Enlightened person is courageous enough to say, 'I don't know' when he doesn't know. To answer a question without knowledge doesn't require Enlightenment. It needs foolish hypocrisy. The straightforward, integrated and authentic approach to the truth is what Kṛṣṇa calls sātvika dāna. Here, in whatever way I experience the truth, I simply express it and share it—authentically, without reservation. That is sātvika dāna according to Kṛṣṇa.

Krishna Deity

THE ULTERIOR MOTIVE BEHIND DĀNA

And He goes on to explain rajas dāna and tamas dāna. Many times, the dāna is not given voluntarily. Or they may give something away as a part of a ritual. For example, in a Hindu wedding the giving away of abride is called kanyā dāna.

People who give their property for charitable purposes in their will. What choice do they have? They cannot carry it with them. In many cases they may have fought with their children and decided not to leave them anything. So instead of giving away the wealth to their children, these people give it away as charity. Such acts are not acts of charity. They are done with ulterior motives.

There are others whose charity it is better not to accept. Kṛṣṇa refers to this as giving in ignorance, tamas. People will come with money not declared for tax as earned income and gift that to the ashram. They will use it as a tax saving strategy. What for?

ACCEPTING DĀNA FROM THE RIGHT CONTEXT

In Swamiji's Own Words:

Often, disciples ask why I am not accepting donations from very wealthy people who come to the ashram seeking help. Unless the person stays with me for a year or more and shows his integrity, authenticity and responsibility towards enriching the mission, it is difficult to accept anything from that person. Why become bonded to people whose motives are not merely selfish but self- defeating?

Parāśakti (Existence) guides the mission and She takes care. What She cannot give, no one else can give. What She decides not to give, who else can give?

feather illustration
Portrait icon

GOALS:

Helping the students understand the right context for charity. Helping the students see how they can enrich others' lives.

Illustration of young monk

ASSESSMENTS

  • From which space should enriching be done?
  • What is the difference between rajas, dāna, and tamas dāna?
  • What is annadāna?
  • What is vidyādāna?
  • What is jñānadāna?
  • How can knowledge transform our lives?
  • What is sātvika dāna?
  • Whose charity is it best not to accept?
Portrait
Portrait of Sri Nithyananda Paramashivam
Portrait of Sri Nithyananda Paramashivam

ART OF THE DAY

ART OF THE DAY: GRATITUDE TREE!

MATERIALS NEEDED:

❖ Paper ❖ Scissors ❖ Sponges (an adult can cut them in different leaf shapes ❖ Paper plates ❖ Acrylic paint ❖ Newspaper or old towel to protect the floor ❖ Markers

Illustration of art materials

ART OF THE DAY:

GRATITUDE TREE!

PROCEDURE:

  • An adult pours the different colour paints in different paper plates
  • Children create their gratitude tree (they can use markers to create the trunk and dip the sponges in the paint to create the leaves.
  • Let the paint dry and then write 1 skill you are grateful to have in life in each leaf.
  • At the end, ask children how they can use each skill they are grateful for to enrich others.
Portrait

ART OF THE DAY:

GRATITUDE TREE!

INFERENCE:

Dāna, charity is sharing out of the space of enriching. It is not done with the attitude of giving. It is done with the attitude of sharing and not expecting good results because of it or some easy route into heaven because of it. Charity is done out of love and gratitude.

Leaf tree illustration
Activity of the Day

ACTIVITY OF THE DAY

ACTIVITY OF THE DAY:

CONTINUOUS ENRICHING

MATERIALS NEEDED

  1. Poster
  1. Colourful papers
  1. Markers
  1. Pencil
  1. Pen
  1. Eraser
  1. Ruler
  1. Stickers
  1. Scissors
  1. Glue or other adhesive,
Feather illustration
Paint splash illustration

ACTIVITY OF THE DAY:

CONTINUOUS ENRICHING

PROCEDURE:

  • Remind the kids what an enriching action is. You can refer to the inference written below to explain what actions are most enriching. Tell each kid to trace 7 boxes on their paper
  • Tell them to write one day of the week for each one
  • Show the kids how to fold the colourful papers to create little enveloppes (create 7 in total/ 1 for each day of the week)
  • Glue or stick the back of the envelopes on the poster (1 for each day) Tell the kids to cut little pieces of paper (7 total) and to write enriching actions that can be done in day-to-day life.
  • Tell them to show you what is written one by one without showing other students.

ACTIVITY OF THE DAY:

CONTINUOUS ENRICHING

PROCEDURE:

  • Ask them to place their papers in each other's envelopes without showing what is written.
  • Tell the kids that each day, they will take out the papers placed in their envelope and do their best to complete the enriching activity written on it.
  • When they are successful, they can put a sticker next to that day.

ACTIVITY OF THE DAY:

CONTINUOUS ENRICHING

INFERENCE:

• One more point is that the person who gives loses nothing with jñānadāna. With all other dāna, the person who gives has a little less. In annadāna, he who gives will lose and he who receives will gain. In vidyādāna, the giver does not lose. He retains the same level. In jñānadāna, I tell you a secret, the more you share, the more it grows in you! The more you enrich others with the science of completion, the more you grow in completion. It is a win-win situation. Here, you receive automatically. It grows in the person who shares and enriches.

Illustration of a young deity/guru

WORKSHOP OF THE DAY

Guru Portrait

WORKSHOP OF THE DAY:

VAAKYARTHA SADHAS

TOPIC OF DISCUSSION:

Enriching others enriches you back!"

YOU CAN ASK STUDENTS QUESTIONS SUCH AS:

  1. What is your understanding of this truth?
  1. What is your experience of this truth?
  1. How can we continuously enrich without becoming tired or bored?
  1. How can you know that you are enriching?
  1. Are some acts or words more enriching than others?
  1. From your understanding and/or experience, what is the ultimate way to enrich?

WORKSHOP OF THE DAY:

VAAKYARTHA SADHAS

CONCLUSION:

Don't think you are the only one being enriched by listening to me now. By expressing these truths, even I am being enriched. Enriching others enriches you back! Listen! Enriching others enriches you back!

Illustration of Paramashivam

- BHAGAVAD GITA -

BOOK XVII, VOLUME IX

How To Continuously Enrich?

Illustration/Photograph of SPH Nithyananda Paramashivam

Authored by

THE SPH NITHYANANDA PARAMASHIVAM

Portrait of a deity

17.23

ॐतत्सदिति निर्देशो ब्रह्मणस्त्रिविधः स्मृतः ।
ब्राह्मणास्तेन वेदाश्च यज्ञाश्च विहिताः पुरा ॥ १७-२३॥

Om tat sad iti nirdeśo
brahmaṇastrividhaḥ smṛtaḥ brāhmaṇās
tena vedās ca yajñāśca vihitāḥ purā

OM Tat Sat’ is said to be the threefold name of the eternal Being (Brahma). Persons with good (brahminic) qualities, the Vedas, and the selfless service (seva, yajña) were created by and from Brahma in the ancient time.

POWERFUL COGNITION

Only the act done from the space of satva or goodness gives the final result

17.24

तस्मादोमित्युदाहृत्य यज्ञदानतपःक्रियाः ।
प्रवर्तन्ते विधानोक्ताः सततं ब्रह्मवादिनाम्
॥ १७-२४ ॥

tasmādomityudāhṛtya yajña-dāna-
tapaḥ-kriyāḥ I pravartante
vidhānoktāḥ satataṁ brahmavādinām

Therefore, acts of sacrifice, charity,
and austerity prescribed in the
scriptures are always commenced by
uttering 'OM' by the knowers of the
supreme Being.

Feather graphic and portrait

POWERFUL COGNITION

When they are done from the space of completion with the attitude of gratitude to the Divine and Existence, only then you encounter spiritual progress or spiritual elevation.

Sri Nithyananda Paramashivam

17.25

तदित्यनभिसन्धाय फलं यज्ञतपःक्रियाः ।
दानक्रियाश्च विविधाः क्रियन्ते मोक्षकाङ्‌क्षिभिः ॥ १७-२५ ॥

tadityanabhisandhāya phalaṁ
yajñatapaḥkriyāḥ dāna-kriyāś ca
vividhāḥ kriyante mokṣak-
āṅkṣibhiḥ

Various types of sacrifice, charity, and austerity are performed by the seekers of liberation by uttering ‘Tat’ (or He is all) without seeking a reward.

POWERFUL COGNITION

The real scale and measure of your completion is whether you are able to move the others’ space and enrich others and life continuously.

A deity/figure adorned with ornaments and a turban holding a flute

iNTRODUCTiON

Please understand that all kinds of food, penance, sacrifice or charity fall into the basic three categories explained by Kṛṣṇa — sātvic, rājasic and tāmasic. These translate as the modes of goodness, passion and ignorance. But the important thing is that as long as they are done in the materialistic world, they are conditioned. When they are done from the space of completion with the attitude of gratitude to the Divine and Existence, only then you encounter spiritual progress or spiritual elevation. Our scriptures explain that anything done in the nature of rajas or tamas cannot give the ultimate result. Only the act done from the space of satva or goodness gives the final result. One who does such acts without this awareness has temporary results but not the final result.

Illustration of Lord Krishna playing the flute

In the days of Mahābhārat, sacrificial rituals were a part and parcel of daily life. This is not the case today. The brāhmaṇas (highly learned sect of people) were the keepers of the sacred knowledge that connected the physical ritual with the metaphysical truth expressed by the great sages in the Vedas. They were the keepers of the flame, in a real sense, since most vedic rituals invoked and addressed the fire energy.

Sacrifices or yajña were directed towards enriching the elemental energies and celestial beings. Austerity or tapas was directed towards enriching your own self. Charity or dāna was directed towards enriching those around you.

PRIME OF ALL:

COMPLETION

The brāhmaṇas were expected to lead an austere and charitable life in keeping with the spirit of their profession. In this chapter Kṛṣṇa elaborates on these concepts so that everyone can move forward on the path to completion or liberation. It is not only for the brāhmaṇas, it is also for kṣatriyas, vaiśyas and śūdras— the other castes. Any member of any caste is qualified for completion if he follows these principles. Completion has nothing to do with birth.

The prime requirement is authenticity, śraddhā. Śraddhā refers as well to the understanding that the enriching act of sacrifice, austerity or charity, yajña, tapas or dāna is not directed towards oneself or a material goal. They are directed to the enrichment of Supreme consciousness. Commit to complete with yourself and others.

SiGNifiCANCE OF COMPLETiON

When it comes to completing with
‘others’, it does not mean only the
friends and family and relatives who
are present in your life. Complete
with your kula devatā (family deity),
complete with your kula guru
(family guru), complete with your
house, complete with the plants
with which you are living, complete
with your pet, complete with the
different energies of the Cosmos,
complete with everything!
Continuously complete and
continuously enrich others! The real
scale and measure of your
completion is whether you are able
to move the others’ space and
enrich others and life continuously.
If you are not enriching constantly,
be very clear, the completion has
not yet happened in you.

In Swamiji’s Own Words:

When completion happened in me, I just realized the authentic selflessness, śraddha. All our selflessness is also packed in our selfishness. All our selflessness is packed in our selfishness. When I completed, I discovered the authentic selflessness and enriching which never tires me. If you are getting tired, please be very clear, still you have incompletions in you. You have to complete! You have to complete!

Listen! This is the scale—having a tireless mind. The being happened in me is just because my enriching is out of pure selflessness. I tell you, once you complete, you will suddenly realize, ‘Why should I live now?’— ‘For enriching! Nothing else...Nothing else!’ Complete! Complete! Complete!

Portrait of young Paramashivam

GOALS:

-Helping students complete with themselves, others and the whole Cosmos so they can go on continuously enriching. - Helping students align their 4 images for more authenticity in their lives.

ASSESSMENTS

  • What kind of act can give final results?
  • Who should do completion?
  • In the days of Mahābhārat, what were sacrifices or yajña directed towards?
  • What is the scale to measure our completion?
  • When did completion happen in Swamiji?
  • What did Swamiji discover when He completed?
  • If you are feeling tired of enriching, what does it mean?
Nithyananda Paramashivam
Portrait of Sri Nithyananda Paramashivam
Art of the Day

ART OF THE DAY

Guru portrait
Feather illustration

ART OF THE DAY:

COMPLETION WITH "OTHERS"

MATERIALS NEEDED:

❖ Playdough of different colours
❖ Paper
❖ Pencil
❖ Eraser

Playdough
Paper
Pencil
Eraser

ART OF THE DAY:

COMPLETION WITH OTHERS

PROCEDURE:

• Tell the children to create all the "others" in their life using playdough (themselves, mother, father, siblings, kula devatā, best friend, kula guru, pet, cosmos).

• Tell the children to pick each of them up one by one, to close their eyes, and to feel what thought current, emotion comes up (joy, feeling safe, sadness, anger, resentment, misunderstanding, etc.).

• For each "other", tell the children to write what comes up on their paper.

• Once everyone is done, ask the children to share what has come up in their inner space and discuss how to do completion with each "other".

• Help the children make their own declaration of completion with all the "others" in their lives.

ART OF THE DAY:

COMPLETION WITH OTHERS

Illustration

INFERENCE:

Commit to complete with yourself and others. When I say ‘others’, I don’t mean only the friends and family and relatives who are present in your life. Complete with your kula devatā (family deity), complete with your kula guru (family guru), complete with your house, complete with the plants with which you are living, complete with your pet, complete with the different energies of the Cosmos, complete with everything! Continuously complete and continuously enrich others!

Portrait of the deity / teacher next to a feather

ACTIVITY OF THE DAY

ACTIVITY OF THE DAY:

AUTHENTICITY: ALIGNING THE FOUR IMAGES

MATERIALS NEEDED

  1. Paper
  1. Pencil
  1. Eraser
  1. Pen
  1. Ruler

PROCEDURE:

Swami Nithyananda Paramashivam

• Tell the children to separate their paper in 4 and write all four images names: • Inner Image - the idea you carry about you - Mamakaara • Outer Image is - the idea you project about you to others - Ahankaara • Others' Image – what others expect from us - Anyakaara • Life Image – is what idea we carry about life and others - Swa-Anyakaara

ACTIVITY OF THE DAY:

AUTHENTICITY: ALIGNING THE FOUR IMAGES

PROCEDURE:

• Tell the children to write a description for each one. Ask them to see whether they align or not and to share their observations with others. • Discuss how we can align all our four images. • Discuss what they think happens when all four images align. Discuss how authenticity and enriching sacrifice are connected.

INFERENCE:

The prime requirement is authenticity, śraddhā. Śraddhā refers as well to the understanding that the enriching act of sacrifice, austerity or charity, yajña, tapas or dāna is not directed towards oneself or a material goal. They are directed to the enrichment of Supreme consciousness.

Photograph of Sri Nithyananda Paramashivam

WORKSHOP OF THE DAY

WORKSHOP OF THE DAY:

VAAKYARTHA SADHAS

TOPIC OF DISCUSSION:

Discuss the statement made by swamiji: • I tell you, when completion happened in me, I just realized the authentic selflessness, śraddha. All our selflessness is also packed in our selfishness. All our selflessness is packed in our selfishness. When I completed, I discovered the authentic selflessness and enriching which never tires me.

YOU CAN ASK STUDENTS QUESTIONS SUCH AS:

  1. How do you understand the following truth: “All our selflessness is also packed in our selfishness”.
  1. How does authentic selflessness express in day-to-day life?
  1. What are your experiences of enriching? Encourage them to discuss their understanding or to ask questions if they are unsure.

WORKSHOP OF THE DAY:

VAAKYARTHA SADHAS

Feather illustration

CONCLUSION:

In Swamiji's Own Words: Listen! This is the scale — having a tireless mind. The being happened in me is just because my enriching is out of pure selflessness. I tell you, once you complete, you will suddenly realize, ‘Why should I live now?’ — ‘For enriching! Nothing else . ..Nothing else!’ Complete! Complete! Complete!

- BHAGAVAD GITA -

BOOK XVII, VOLUME X